timeline

1500

Contextual

Ottoman Conquest of the Levant

1516

1700

Popular action

The Naqib al-Ashraf Rebellion

1703 - 1705

1740

Institutional Socio-Economic

Acre under Zahir al-Umar al-Zaydani

1746 - 1775

1770

Institutional

Acre Under Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar

1775 - 1804

1790

Violence

Napoleon Bonaparte in Palestine

February 1799 - May 1799

1820

Popular action Socio-Economic

Tax Revolt in Jerusalem

1825 - 1826

1831

Violence Institutional

Ibrahim Pasha in Palestine

October 1831 - 1834

1834

Popular action Violence

Uprising Against Egyptian Rule

April 1834 - August 1834

1839

Diplomatic Sanctions

International Intervention against Egyptian Rule in the Levant

1839 - 1841

Diplomatic Institutional

Establishment of European and American Consulates in Jerusalem

1839 - 1862

1850

Legal Institutional

The Tanzimat Are Issued

18 February 1856

Institutional Legal

Ottoman Land Code, 7 Ramadan 1274

21 April 1858

1860

Institutional Legal

Ottoman Law of the Provinces: Administrative Reorganization in Syria and Palestine

7 November 1864

Legal

Law Concerning Land Purchase by non-Ottoman Subjects, 7 Safar 1284

10 June 1867

Legal Cultural

Ottoman Education Law Is Passed

20 September 1869

1870

Institutional

Jerusalem Area Designated as a Sanjaq

1872

Legal

Sultan Abd al-Hamid II and the Ottoman Constitution

31 August 1876 - 19 December 1876

Legal Institutional

Jerusalem Representation in the Ottoman General Assembly

19 March 1877

Colonization

Establishment of the First Zionist Colony in Palestine

1878 - 1883

1881

Violence Policy/Program

Jewish Nationalism in Eastern Europe

1881 - 1884

Colonization Legal

Settlement of European Jews in the Ottoman Empire

November 1881

1882

Contextual

Great Britain Invades and Occupies Egypt

1882

Colonization

First Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

1882 - 1903

1886

Violence Colonization

Palestinian-Zionist Dispute

1886

1888

Diplomatic Colonization

European Powers Press the Ottomans on Jewish Immigration

1888

Institutional

Administrative Reorganization in Syria and Palestine

March 1888

1891

Popular action Colonization

Jerusalem Notables Oppose Jewish Immigration

June 1891

Institutional Colonization

Establishment of the Jewish Colonization Association

September 1891

1892

Socio-Economic

Building of the Jaffa-Jerusalem Railroad Line

1892

Legal Diplomatic

The Ottomans and Sale of Land to Jews in Palestine

November 1892 - 1893

1896

Policy/Program Colonization

Publication of The State of the Jews by Theodor Herzl

February 1896

1897

Popular action Colonization

Local Control of Zionist Land Purchases

1897

Institutional Policy/Program

1st Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

29 August 1897 - 31 August 1897

1898

Institutional Colonization

2nd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

28 August 1898 - 31 August 1898

1899

Colonization

Herzl Correspondence with Jerusalem Mayor

19 March 1899

Institutional Colonization

3rd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

15 August 1899 - 18 August 1899

1900

Institutional Colonization

4th Zionist Congress Is Held in London

13 August 1900 - 16 August 1900

1901

Legal Colonization

New Ottoman Regulations on Jewish Land Purchase

9 January 1901

Popular action Colonization

Tiberias Palestinians Protest Jewish Land Acquisition

July 1901

Diplomatic Legal

France and the Ottoman Empire Sign the Mytilene Agreements

2 November 1901 - 10 November 1901

Institutional Colonization

5th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

26 December 1901 - 30 December 1901

1903

Institutional Colonization

Establishment of the Anglo-Palestine Company

1903

Institutional Diplomatic

6th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

23 August 1903 - 28 August 1903

1904

Colonization

2nd Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

1904 - 1914

Biographical

Theodor Herzl Dies; Replaced by David Wolffsohn

3 July 1904

Violence

Tiberias Palestinians Protest Again

August 1904 - September 1904

1905

Socio-Economic

Completion of the Hijaz Railway

1905

Policy/Program

Publication of The Awakening of the Arab Nation in Asiatic Turkey by Najib Azoury

January 1905

Institutional Policy/Program

7th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

27 July 1905 - 2 August 1905

1906

Cultural

Establishment of the Rawdat al-Ma'arif al-Wataniyya al-'Uthmaniyya al-Islamiyya in Jerusalem

1906

1907

Institutional Diplomatic

8th Zionist Congress Is Held in the Hague

14 July 1907 - 21 July 1907

Colonization

Zionist Evasion of Ottoman Regulations

August 1907

1908 January

1908 February

1908 March

Violence

Zionist-Palestinian Violence Breaks out in Jaffa

March 1908

1908 April

1908 May

1908 June

1908 July

Contextual Institutional

Young Turk Revolution

July 1908 - December 1908

1908 August

1908 September

Popular action Institutional

Palestinians Participate in the Establishment of Arab Nationalist Societies

September 1908 - 1912

1908 October

1908 November

1908 December

Cultural

Establishment of Palestinian Newspaper al-Karmel in Haifa

December 1908

1909 January

Colonization

Foundation of Tel Aviv

1909

Colonization

Foundation of the Zionist Paramilitary Group Hashomer

1909

Cultural

Establishment of al-Madrasa al-Dusturiyya, Jerusalem

1909

1909 February

Violence

Palestinian-Zionist Clashes Near Nazareth

February 1909 - April 1909

1909 March

1909 April

1909 May

1909 June

1909 July

Diplomatic

Ottoman Parliamentarians Protest Zionist Objectives

July 1909

1909 August

1909 September

1909 October

1909 November

1909 December

Institutional Policy/Program

9th Zionist Congress Is Held in Hamburg

26 December 1909 - 30 December 1909

1910

Popular action Colonization

Arab Ottoman Parliamentarians Address Minister of Interior

June 1910

1911

Cultural Policy/Program

Publication of Zionism by Najib Nassar

1911

Cultural

Establishment of Filastin Newspaper in Jaffa

January 1911

Institutional Colonization

First Major Debate on Zionism in Ottoman Parliament

March 1911 - May 1911

Institutional Policy/Program

10th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

9 August 1911 - 15 August 1911

1912

Diplomatic Colonization

European Powers Renew Pressure on the Ottomans to Ease Zionist Land Acquisition in Palestine

January 1912

Institutional

Ottoman Parliamentary Elections Are Held

April 1912 - August 1912

1913

Legal

Provisional Law Concerning the Right of Certain Corporate Bodies to Own Immovable Property, 22 Rabi' al-awwal 1331

1 March 1913

Legal

Provisional Law of Disposal of Immovable Property, 5 Jumada al-ula 1331

12 April 1913

Popular action Policy/Program

The Arab Congress Meets in Paris

17 June 1913 - 24 June 1913

Institutional Colonization

11th Zionist Congress Meets in Vienna

2 September 1913 - 9 September 1913

1914

Socio-Economic

Railway Lines in Palestine

1914

Contextual Violence

World War I, the Ottomans Enter the War

1 August 1914 - February 1915

1915

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Hussein-McMahon Correspondence

14 July 1915 - 30 March 1916

Sanctions Violence

Jemal Pasha Orders the Public Hanging of Arab Nationalists from the Levant

21 August 1915 - 6 May 1916

1916

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Signing of the Sykes-Picot Agreement

16 May 1916

Popular action

Start of the Arab Revolt

June 1916

1917

Colonization

British Palestine Campaign

March 1917 - September 1918

Contextual

Russian Revolution Brings the Bolsheviks to Power

8 March 1917 - 8 November 1917

Policy/Program

Balfour Declaration Is Made

2 November 1917

1918

Colonization

Arrival in Palestine of the Zionist Commission

April 1918

October 1918 - December 1918

Contextual

End of World War I on the Eastern Front Between the Ottoman Empire and the Allied Powers

30 October 1918

Legal Colonization

Proclamations No. 75 and No. 76 on Immovable Property

18 November 1918

1919 January

Colonization

3rd Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

1919 - 1923

27 January 1919 - 10 February 1919

1919 February

1919 March

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Appointment of the King-Crane Commission

20 March 1919 - 21 July 1919

1919 April

1919 May

1919 June

Contextual Policy/Program

Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations Covenant Signed

28 June 1919

1919 July

Popular action Policy/Program

The General Syrian Congress and the King-Crane Commission

2 July 1919 - 3 July 1919

1919 August

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Recommendations of the King-Crane Commission

28 August 1919

1919 September

1919 October

1919 November

1919 December

1920 January

Contextual Institutional

Covenant of the League of Nations Enters into Force

10 January 1920

1920 February

Popular action Policy/Program

The General Syrian National Congress Proclaims the Independence of Syria

27 February 1920 - 8 March 1920

1920 March

1920 April

Violence

Anti-Zionist Disturbances Break out in Palestine; Palin Commission of Inquiry

2 April 1920 - 5 April 1920

Diplomatic Policy/Program

San Remo Conference

25 April 1920

1920 May

Sanctions

Scheduled Second Palestinian National Congress Cannot Meet

15 May 1920

1920 June

Institutional

Founding of the Haganah, the Jewish Paramilitary Organization

June 1920

1920 July

Institutional Colonization

International Zionist Conference Meets in London

July 1920

Institutional

Palestine Civil Government

1 July 1920

Contextual

French Occupy Damascus

24 July 1920

1920 August

1920 September

1920 October

Legal Colonization

Transfer of Land Ordinance

1 October 1920

Legal Colonization

Mahlul Land Ordinance

1 October 1920

Institutional

Advisory Council for Palestine Is Established

October 1920

Legal Sanctions

Prevention of Crime Ordinance is Issued

October 1920 - 15 December 1920

1920 November

1920 December

Institutional

Establishment of the Histadrut

December 1920

Popular action Institutional

3rd Palestinian National Congress Meets in Haifa

13 December 1920 - 19 December 1920

1921 January

1921 February

Legal

Mewat Land Ordinance

16 February 1921

1921 March

Legal Sanctions

Palestine Police Ordinance Is Issued

15 March 1921

1921 April

Biographical

Prince Abdullah Is Named Emir of Transjordan

11 April 1921

1921 May

Violence

May Day Clashes in Jaffa

1 May 1921 - 7 May 1921

Biographical

Amin al-Husseini Elected Mufti of Jerusalem

8 May 1921

Institutional

4th Palestinian National Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

29 May 1921 - 4 June 1921

1921 June

1921 July

Legal Sanctions

Palestine Gendarmerie Is Established

1 July 1921 - 24 April 1922

Diplomatic Popular action

The Palestinian Delegation Conducts Sterile Negotiations in London

2 July 1921 - 31 July 1922

1921 August

1921 September

Institutional Diplomatic

12th Zionist Congress Is Held in Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary)

1 September 1921 - 14 September 1921

1921 October

Institutional Violence

The Report of the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry on Jaffa Disturbances Is Published

October 1921

1921 November

1921 December

Legal

Transfer of Land Amendment Ordinance No. 2

8 December 1921

Institutional

Regulation Concerning the Supreme Moslem Sharia Council

20 December 1921 - 9 January 1922

1922 January

Legal Sanctions

Collective Responsibility for Crime Ordinance Comes into Force

1 January 1922

1922 February

1922 March

1922 April

1922 May

1922 June

Policy/Program

White Paper (Churchill) of 1922 Is Published

3 June 1922

Diplomatic Policy/Program

House of Lords and House of Commons Conflicting Views on Palestine

20 June 1922 - 4 July 1922

1922 July

Policy/Program Popular action

The Palestine Executive Committee Orders the Return of its Delegation from London

7 July 1922 - 31 July 1922

Diplomatic Institutional

The League of Nations Ratifies Britain’s Mandate over Palestine and Recognizes the Zionist Organization

24 July 1922

1922 August

Legal Institutional

Promulgation of the Palestine Order in Council

10 August 1922

Policy/Program Popular action

5th Palestinian National Congress Meets in Nablus

20 August 1922 - 1 September 1922

1922 September

1922 October

Socio-Economic

1st British Census of Palestine

October 1922

1922 November

1922 December

1923 January

1923 February

Popular action Institutional

Palestinians Boycott Elections

February 1923 - March 1923

1923 March

1923 April

1923 May

1923 June

16 June 1923

1923 July

Institutional Popular action

The Palestine Communist Party Is Officially Announced

9 July 1923

Contextual Diplomatic

Treaty of Lausanne Is Signed with Ataturk's Turkey

24 July 1923

1923 August

Institutional Policy/Program

13th Zionist Congress Is Held in Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary)

6 August 1923 - 18 August 1923

1923 September

Legal Institutional

Official Onset of British Mandate for Palestine

29 September 1923

1923 October

Popular action

Palestinians Reject Arab Agency Scheme

12 October 1923

1923 November

Institutional Popular action

Founding of the Arab National Party in Jerusalem

8 November 1923

1923 December

1924

Colonization

4th Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

1924 - 1928

1925

Institutional Policy/Program

Establishment of the Zionist Revisionist Movement

1925

Legal Sanctions

Prevention of Crime (Tribal and Village Areas) Ordinance Goes into Effect

1 January 1925

Socio-Economic

Palestine Arab Workers Society Is Established

21 March 1925

Popular action Cultural

Anti-Balfour Demonstrations in Palestine

25 March 1925 - 1 April 1925

Institutional Policy/Program

14th Zionist Congress Is Held in Vienna

18 August 1925 - 31 August 1925

1926

Legal Institutional

Correction of Land Registers Ordinance, No. 12

16 February 1926

Legal Sanctions

The Palestine Gendarmerie Is Disbanded and the Palestine Police Reorganized

1 April 1926

Legal Sanctions

Collective Punishments Ordinance Is Issued

16 May 1926

1927

Legal Institutional

Municipal Elections Are Held in Palestine

April 1927

Contextual

Powerful Earthquake in Palestine and Transjordan

11 July 1927

Institutional Colonization

15th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

30 August 1927 - 11 September 1927

1928 January

1928 February

1928 March

1928 April

1928 May

Institutional Colonization

Land Settlement Ordinance No. 9

30 May 1928

1928 June

Popular action Policy/Program

7th Palestinian National Congress Meets in Jerusalem

20 June 1928 - 27 June 1928

1928 July

1928 August

1928 September

Popular action Sanctions Violence

Tension Over al-Buraq/ Western Wall

23 September 1928 - 30 October 1928

1928 October

1928 November

1 November 1928

Legal Policy/Program

White Paper (Amery) on Status Quo at al-Buraq / Western Wall

27 November 1928 - 27 December 1928

1928 December

1929 January

Colonization Socio-Economic

5th Wave of Jewish Immigration

1929 - 1939

1929 February

1929 March

1929 April

1929 May

1929 June

1929 July

Institutional Policy/Program

16th Zionist Congress Is Held in Zurich

28 July 1929 - 11 August 1929

Legal Colonization

Protection of Cultivators Ordinance No. 27

31 July 1929

1929 August

Violence

al-Buraq / Western Wall Disturbances

15 August 1929 - 29 August 1929

1929 September

Institutional Violence

The British Form a Commission of Inquiry on Disturbances at al-Buraq / Western Wall

13 September 1929

1929 October

Legal Sanctions

The British Issue the Criminal Law (Seditious Offences) Ordinance

25 October 1929

26 October 1929

1929 November

1929 December

1930 January

Socio-Economic Popular action

General Conference of Palestine Arab Workers, Haifa

11 January 1930

Policy/Program Institutional

League of Nations Council Approves the Appointment of an International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

14 January 1930 - 15 May 1930

1930 February

1930 March

Policy/Program Violence

Shaw Commission Report on al-Buraq / Western Wall Disturbances

12 March 1930

1930 April

Diplomatic Popular action

4th Palestinian Delegation to London

1 April 1930 - 23 May 1930

1930 May

Institutional Popular action

John Hope-Simpson Sent to Palestine to Investigate Questions of Immigration, Land Settlement and Development

2 May 1930

Socio-Economic

Establishment of the Arab Bank in Jerusalem

21 May 1930 - 14 July 1930

1930 June

Sanctions

Hanging of Palestinian Militants

17 June 1930

1930 July

1930 August

Policy/Program Colonization

Hope-Simpson Report Is Published

22 August 1930 - 20 October 1930

1930 September

1930 October

Policy/Program Colonization

White Paper (Passfield) of 1930 Is Published

20 October 1930

1930 November

1930 December

Institutional Policy/Program

Report of the International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

1 December 1930

1931 January

1931 February

Policy/Program

MacDonald's Reassurance to Weizmann

13 February 1931

1931 March

Policy/Program Popular action

The Palestine Arab Executive Denounces MacDonald's Reassurance to Weizmann

11 March 1931

1931 April

Institutional Violence

Establishment of Irgun

April 1931

1931 May

1931 June

Institutional Policy/Program

17th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

30 June 1931 - 15 July 1931

1931 July

Policy/Program Colonization

Lewis French and the Palestine Development Scheme

19 July 1931 - April 1932

Legal Sanctions

Great Britain Issues the Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1931

23 July 1931

1931 August

1931 September

1931 October

1931 November

Socio-Economic

2nd British Census of Palestine

November 1931

1931 December

7 December 1931 - 17 December 1931

11 December 1931

Policy/Program Popular action

An Arab National Conference Meets on the Sidelines of the Pan-Islamic Congress

13 December 1931

1932

Institutional Popular action

Arab Youth Congress Meets in Jaffa

4 January 1932

Institutional Popular action

Establishment of the Istiqlal Party

2 August 1932

Socio-Economic Institutional

Establishment of the Arab National Fund

September 1932 - 8 August 1935

1933

Socio-Economic

Creation of the Arab Agricultural Bank

1933

Colonization

Increase in Jewish Immigration from Germany

1933 - 1935

Institutional Colonization

18th Zionist Congress Is Held in Prague

21 August 1933 - 3 September 1933

Legal Colonization

Protection of Cultivators Ordinance, No. 37

31 August 1933

8 October 1933 - 3 November 1933

1934

Policy/Program Violence

Murison Commission of Inquiry

4 January 1934

Institutional Biographical

Death of Musa Kazim Husseini

26 March 1934

Institutional Popular action

Foundation of Four Palestinian Parties

December 1934 - October 1935

1935 January

Socio-Economic

Oil Pipeline Connecting Northern Iraq to Haifa Opens Officially

January 1935

Legal Sanctions

The British Issue the Press Ordinance

17 January 1935

1935 February

1935 March

1935 April

1935 May

1935 June

1935 July

1935 August

Institutional Policy/Program

19th Zionist Congress Meets in Lucerne

20 August 1935 - 4 September 1935

1935 September

Diplomatic Colonization

Nuremberg Laws and Jewish Immigration

15 September 1935

1935 October

Violence

Arms Shipment to the Haganah

October 1935

1935 November

Violence Popular action

Death of Shaykh Izzeddin al-Qassam

12 November 1935 - 21 November 1935

Popular action

Joint Memorandum of Palestinian Parties

25 November 1935

1935 December

Policy/Program Institutional

Revival of the Legislative Council Idea

December 1935 - March 1936

1936 January

1936 February

1936 March

1936 April

Popular action

First Phase of the Great Arab Revolt

15 April 1936 - 23 July 1937

Popular action Institutional

Launch of the Great Revolt

15 April 1936 - 7 May 1936

Legal Sanctions

Enactment of Emergency Regulations

19 April 1936

Diplomatic Institutional

The Arab Higher Committee is Formed

25 April 1936

1936 May

Popular action Violence

Rebels Launch Armed Resistance

May 1936

Sanctions

British Violent Repression

May 1936 - June 1936

Violence

British Secure Military Reinforcements

May 1936 - September 1936

Policy/Program Violence

Appointment of the Peel Commission

18 May 1936

1936 June

Popular action Policy/Program

Memorandum of Arab Senior Government Officials to the High Commissioner

30 June 1936

1936 July

1936 August

Legal Sanctions

The British Issue the Collective Fines Ordinance

4 August 1936

Violence

Fawzi al-Qawuqji Aids the Great Palestine Rebellion

25 August 1936

1936 September

Legal Sanctions

Great Britain Issues the Palestine Martial Law (Defence) Order in Council, 1936

30 September 1936

1936 October

Popular action Diplomatic

General Strike Called Off

11 October 1936

1936 November

Policy/Program Violence

Peel Commission Investigates the Cause of the Great Palestinian Rebellion

11 November 1936 - 24 January 1937

1936 December

1937 January

Legal Sanctions

Criminal Code Ordinance of 1936

1 January 1937

1937 February

1937 March

Legal Sanctions

Great Britain Issues the Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1937

18 March 1937 - 20 March 1937

1937 April

1937 May

1937 June

1937 July

Popular action Violence

Second Phase of the Great Arab Revolt

July 1937 - September 1938

Policy/Program Violence

Peel Commission Issues its Report

7 July 1937

Policy/Program

Palestinians Reject Peel Commission Report

23 July 1937

1937 August

Institutional Policy/Program

20th Zionist Congress Meets in Zürich

3 August 1937 - 16 August 1937

1937 September

Popular action Policy/Program

Arab National Congress Convenes in Bludan

8 September 1937 - 9 September 1937

Violence

British Commissioner Is Assassinated

26 September 1937

1937 October

Sanctions

Arab Higher Committee Is Banned

October 1937 - November 1937

1937 November

Violence

Irgun Attacks on Palestinians

11 November 1937 - 14 November 1937

1937 December

Sanctions Violence

Charles Tegart's Means of Control

3 December 1937

1938 January

Policy/Program

Appointment of the Palestine Partition (Woodhead) Commission

4 January 1938

1938 February

1938 March

1938 April

1938 May

1938 June

1938 July

Violence

Irgun Attacks Against Palestinians Intensify

July 1938 - August 1938

1938 August

1938 September

Popular action Violence

Third Phase of the Great Arab Revolt

September 1938 - July 1939

Violence Sanctions

Anti-British Operation and British Retaliation in al-Bassa

6 September 1938 - 10 September 1938

1938 October

Institutional Violence

British Military Officers Replace Civilian Commissioners

October 1938

Popular action Policy/Program

The "International Parliamentarian Congress of Arab and Islamic Countries in Support of Palestine" Is Held in Cairo

7 October 1938 - 11 October 1938

Policy/Program Popular action

The Eastern Women's Congress in Defense of Palestine Is Held in Cairo

15 October 1938 - 18 October 1938

1938 November

Policy/Program Violence

British "Divide-and-Rule" Policy

November 1938 - May 1939

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Partition (Woodhead) Commission Report Is Published

9 November 1938

Diplomatic Policy/Program

The British Government Rejects the Conclusions of the Partition (Woodhead) Commission

11 November 1938

1938 December

1939 January

Violence

Jewish-Arab Attacks Resume

30 January 1939 - 26 February 1939

1939 February

Diplomatic

London Round Table Conference Convenes

7 February 1939 - 27 March 1939

Diplomatic

Formation of a British-Arab Committee on Hussein-McMahon Correspondence at the London Round Table Conference

15 February 1939 - 16 March 1939

1939 March

Violence

Killing of Abd al-Rahim al-Hajj Muhammad

27 March 1939

1939 April

1939 May

Policy/Program

MacDonald White Paper of 1939 Is Published

17 May 1939 - 23 May 1939

Policy/Program Diplomatic

The Palestine Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

30 May 1939

1939 June

Violence

Wave of Irgun Attacks

2 June 1939 - 1 August 1939

1939 July

1939 August

Institutional Diplomatic

21st Zionist Congress Meets in Geneva

16 August 1939 - 25 August 1939

1939 September

Contextual Violence

Outbreak of World War II

1 September 1939

Institutional Violence

Military Recruitment in Palestine

3 September 1939

1939 October

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Stern Gang Calls for Alliance with Axis

October 1939

1939 November

1939 December

1940

Legal Colonization

Land Transfers Regulations

20 February 1940

Policy/Program

Blowing up of SS Patria

November 1940

1941

Institutional Violence

Palmach Underground Is Established

14 May 1941

1942

Violence

Killing of Avraham Stern

February 1942

Policy/Program

Zionist Biltmore Conference Is Held in New York

6 May 1942 - 11 May 1942

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Support in the United States for a Jewish Army

November 1942

1943

Violence

Haganah Stockpiles Weapons

March 1943

Institutional Socio-Economic

Arab National Fund Reestablished

August 1943

Policy/Program

Five-year Limit on Jewish Immigration Extended

November 1943

Policy/Program

British Recommend Partition

December 1943

1944 January

Policy/Program Diplomatic

The US Congress Endorses the Biltmore Program in Joint Resolution

January 1944

Violence

Stern Gang and Irgun Start Operations Against British

January 1944 - March 1944

1944 February

1944 March

1944 April

1944 May

Policy/Program Colonization

British Labour Party Favors Transfer of Palestinians

May 1944

1944 June

1944 July

1944 August

1944 September

1944 October

Contextual Institutional

Alexandria Protocol and the League of Arab States

7 October 1944 - 22 March 1945

1944 November

Violence

Stern Gang Assassinates Lord Moyne in Cairo

6 November 1944

1944 December

Diplomatic

Establishment of Lebanese Consulate General in Palestine

30 December 1944 - 23 May 1945

1945 January

Policy/Program Diplomatic

US House of Representatives Supports Jewish Immigration to Palestine

January 1945

1945 February

Diplomatic

Roosevelt and Ibn Saud Meet

14 February 1945

1945 March

1945 April

1945 May

Contextual Violence

End of World War II

8 May 1945 - 15 August 1945

1945 June

1945 July

Violence

Pledge to Buy US Armament for the Haganah

July 1945

Institutional Policy/Program

Labor Victory in Great Britain

26 July 1945

1945 August

Diplomatic Colonization

Truman and Jewish Immigration to Palestine

31 August 1945

1945 September

Legal Sanctions

The British Mandate Issues the Defence (Emergency) Regulations

27 September 1945

1945 October

Violence Colonization

Coordinated Zionist Anti-British Activism

1 October 1945 - 31 October 1945

1945 November

Policy/Program

Bevin's Statement on Palestine

13 November 1945

Institutional

Attempt to Reconstitute the Arab Higher Committee for Palestine

22 November 1945 - 29 May 1946

Violence

Organized Irgun and Lehi Anti-British Attacks

24 November 1945 - 19 January 1946

1945 December

1946 January

Diplomatic Sanctions Socio-Economic

Lebanon Ends Granting Import Licenses for Palestine Goods

4 January 1946

1946 February

February 1946

1946 March

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry Publishes its Report after a Visit to Palestine

6 March 1946 - 30 April 1946

1946 April

Violence

An Irgun Attack on British

25 April 1946

1946 May

Policy/Program Violence

Haganah's Plan Gimmel

May 1946

Contextual

Independence of the Emirate of Transjordan and Establishment of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

25 May 1946

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Arab League Holds its First Summit on Palestine in Anshas

28 May 1946 - 29 May 1946

1946 June

Policy/Program Colonization

President Truman Supports Jewish Immigration to Palestine

6 June 1946

Diplomatic

Arab League Meets in Bludan and Supervises the Establishment of a Unified Palestinian Arab Higher Committee

8 June 1946 - 12 June 1946

Violence

Series of Zionist Anti-British Attacks

17 June 1946 - 22 July 1946

1946 July

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Anglo-American Conference Meets in London and Proposes the Morrison-Grady Federal Plan

31 July 1946

1946 August

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Jewish Agency Partition Plan Secures US Endorsement

5 August 1946 - 14 August 1946

1946 September

Violence

New Wave of Zionist Anti-British Attacks

9 September 1946 - 2 December 1946

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Round Table Conference on Palestine Held in London

10 September 1946 - 3 October 1946

Legal Socio-Economic

Enactment of Lebanese Labor Law and Its Subsequent Impact on Palestine Refugees

23 September 1946

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Arab Delegations Put Forward Constitutional Proposals to the London Round Table Conference on Palestine

30 September 1946

1946 October

1946 November

1946 December

Institutional Policy/Program

22nd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

9 December 1946 - 24 December 1946

Violence

Irgun Operations Against British Resume

29 December 1946 - 28 January 1947

1947 January

Diplomatic Policy/Program

London Round Table Conference Reopens and Fails

27 January 1947 - 18 February 1947

1947 February

Violence

Deadly Zionist Anti-British Attacks

28 February 1947 - 1 March 1947

1947 March

1947 April

Diplomatic

British Refer Palestine to the UN

2 April 1947

Violence

Continuation of Zionist-British Confrontation

16 April 1947 - 26 April 1947

Diplomatic

UN General Assembly Session on Palestine

28 April 1947 - 9 May 1947

1947 May

Diplomatic

UNGA 106 (S-1): Creation of a Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP)

15 May 1947

Violence

Casualties of Zionist Anti-British Attacks

16 May 1947

Violence

Zionist Attacks Against Palestinians

21 May 1947 - 15 August 1947

1947 June

Violence

Stern Gang Letter Bombs Against Officials in London

5 June 1947

Diplomatic Policy/Program

UN Special Committee on Palestine Prepares its Proposals

15 June 1947 - 3 September 1947

1947 July

Sanctions Violence

Irgun Kidnaps and Murders Two British Sergeants

11 July 1947 - 31 July 1947

1947 August

1947 September

Diplomatic

Arab League Meeting on Palestine, in Sofar, Lebanon

16 September 1947 - 19 September 1947

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Ad Hoc Committee on the Palestinian Question

23 September 1947 - 25 November 1947

Diplomatic

British to Terminate Palestine Mandate

26 September 1947

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Palestinians and Zionists on UNSCOP Partition Plan

29 September 1947 - 3 October 1947

1947 October

Diplomatic

Arab League Meeting on Palestine in Aley, Lebanon

7 October 1947 - 15 October 1947

Diplomatic Policy/Program

US and USSR Endorse Partition

11 October 1947 - 13 October 1947

1947 November

Diplomatic Policy/Program

UNGA 181 (II): Palestine Partition Plan

29 November 1947

Violence Policy/Program

The Haganah Implements Plan Gimmel

29 November 1947 - 1 December 1947

1947 December

Popular action Violence

Palestinian Strike Against Partition Plan and Palestinian-Zionist Clashes

2 December 1947

Violence

Series of Zionist Attacks on Palestinians in the Wake of the Partition Plan

6 December 1947 - 31 December 1947

Diplomatic

Britain Recommends Date of Mandate Termination

8 December 1947

Diplomatic

Arab League Rejects Partition Plan

8 December 1947 - 16 December 1947

1948 January

Institutional Violence

Arab Liberation Army Organized

1 January 1948 - 10 January 1948

Violence

Series of Zionist Attacks

2 January 1948 - 26 January 1948

Violence

Palestinian Attacks

14 January 1948 - 19 February 1948

Violence

Zionist Military Preparations

14 January 1948 - 20 February 1948

Violence

Contingents of ALA Volunteers

21 January 1948 - 28 January 1948

1948 February

Violence

British Break Arab Attacks

6 February 1948 - 10 February 1948

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Transjordan and Great Britain Agree on Jordanian Military Intervention in Palestine

7 February 1948

Diplomatic Institutional

Fate of Diplomatic Representations in Jerusalem

11 February 1948 - 1 May 1948

Violence

Zionist Attacks

14 February 1948 - 5 March 1948

1948 March

Violence

Fawzi al-Qawuqji Enters Palestine

5 March 1948

Policy/Program Violence

Plan Dalet Finalized by the Haganah

10 March 1948

Violence

Palestinian Operations

11 March 1948 - 31 March 1948

Violence

Haganah Operations

11 March 1948 - 31 March 1948

Diplomatic Policy/Program

US Apparent Hesitancy Toward Partition

18 March 1948 - 30 March 1948

Policy/Program

Early Responses to Truce and Trusteeship Ideas

19 March 1948 - 20 March 1948

1948 April

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 43: Calling for an Immediate Truce in Palestine

1 April 1948

Diplomatic

SC Res. 44: Requesting a GA special session on Future Palestine Government

1 April 1948

Violence

Plan Dalet Launched

1 April 1948

Violence Diplomatic

Arms for the Zionist Forces

1 April 1948 - 14 May 1948

Violence

Operations Nachshon and Har'el to Open Tel Aviv-Jerusalem Road

3 April 1948 - 21 April 1948

Violence

The Battle for Haifa and Its Surroundings

4 April 1948 - 22 April 1948

Violence

Massacre in Deir Yasin

9 April 1948 - 11 April 1948

Violence

Unit of Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Attacks Kfar Darom

10 April 1948

Policy/Program Institutional

General Zionist Council Decides to Proclaim Jewish State on 16 May

12 April 1948

Violence

Fighting Around Jerusalem

12 April 1948 - 23 April 1948

Violence

Fall of Tiberias

16 April 1948 - 18 April 1948

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 46: Calling upon All Parties to Cease Military Activities in Palestine

17 April 1948

Policy/Program

Trusteeship Plan for Palestine

20 April 1948

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 48: Establishment of the UN Truce Commission for Palestine

23 April 1948

Violence

Operation Hametz and the Fall of Jaffa

24 April 1948 - 13 May 1948

Violence

Operation Jevussi for the Conquest of Jerusalem

26 April 1948 - 30 April 1948

Legal Socio-Economic

Lebanon Sets up a Central Committee and Regional Committees to Deal with Refugees from Palestine

26 April 1948 - 11 May 1948

Violence

Zionist Conquest of Eastern Galilee

28 April 1948 - 25 May 1948

Diplomatic Violence

Arab States (Reluctantly) Prepare for Intervention in Palestine

30 April 1948 - 12 May 1948

1948 May

Violence

Arab Gains in Gush Etzion

3 May 1948 - 14 May 1948

Violence

Operations Makkabi and Ben-Nun in al-Latrun Area

8 May 1948 - 31 May 1948

Violence

Operation Barak Toward the South

9 May 1948 - 13 May 1948

Violence

Operation Ben-Ami in Western Galilee

13 May 1948 - 21 May 1948

Violence

Control of Coastal Plain Haifa-Tel Aviv

13 May 1948 - 23 May 1948

Diplomatic

UNGA 186 (S-2): Appointment of a UN Mediator in Palestine

14 May 1948

Legal Institutional

State of Israel Is Proclaimed in Tel Aviv at 4:00 P.M.

14 May 1948

Violence

Operations Shfifon and Kilshon in Jerusalem

14 May 1948 - 28 May 1948

Diplomatic

The British Mandate Ends. The US Recognizes the State of Israel on a de facto Basis

15 May 1948

Violence

Arab Armies Cross Palestine Borders

15 May 1948 - 19 May 1948

Legal Institutional

West Bank to Be Placed under Jordanian Military Government

16 May 1948 - 24 May 1948

Institutional Legal

Israel's Law and Administration Ordinance

19 May 1948

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 49: Calling for a Cease-fire and Maintenance of the Truce in Jerusalem

22 May 1948

Diplomatic Violence

Security Council Resolution S/RES/50

29 May 1948

1948 June

Diplomatic Violence

First Palestine Truce, Destruction of Palestinian Villages

11 June 1948 - 8 July 1948

Biographical

Ahmad Hilmi Abd al-Baqi Is Appointed Military Governor of Jerusalem

16 June 1948

Colonization Legal

Abandoned Areas Ordinance

24 June 1948

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Count Bernadotte's Palestine Plan

28 June 1948

1948 July

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Responses to Bernadotte's Plan

2 July 1948 - 5 July 1948

Diplomatic Violence

Jordan and Israel Sign Agreement on Demilitarization of Mount Scopus Area

7 July 1948

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 53: Appealing to all Parties for Prolongation of the Truce in Palestine

7 July 1948

Violence

End of First Truce: Israeli Operations An-Far, Dani and Qedem

8 July 1948 - 17 July 1948

Violence

End of First Truce: Israeli Operation Dekel

8 July 1948 - 18 July 1948

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 54: Ordering Parties to Desist from Military Action; Instructing Mediator to Continue Efforts for Jerusalem Demilitarization

15 July 1948

Diplomatic Violence

Second Palestine Truce

18 July 1948 - 15 October 1948

Violence

Ethnic Cleansing During the Second Truce

24 July 1948 - 15 October 1948

1948 August

Cultural Policy/Program

Constantine Zurayk publishes Ma'na al-Nakba (The meaning of the Nakba) in Beirut

August 1948

Institutional Legal

Israel Declares Jerusalem Occupied City

2 August 1948

1948 September

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Bernadotte's New Plan

16 September 1948

Legal Institutional

Israel's Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance

16 September 1948

Violence

UN Mediator Count Folke Bernadotte Is Assassinated by Lehi in Jerusalem

17 September 1948

Diplomatic Policy/Program

US in Favor of Bernadotte's New Plan

21 September 1948

Policy/Program Institutional

Establishment of All-Palestine Government in Gaza

23 September 1948 - 2 October 1948

1948 October

Institutional Popular action

Pro-Jordanian Amman Conference

1 October 1948

Diplomatic Institutional

Arab Responses to Formation of the All-Palestine Government

5 October 1948 - 14 October 1948

Legal Colonization

Emergency Regulations Regarding the Cultivation of Fallow Lands and Unexploited Water Sources

11 October 1948

Violence

Operations Yoav and ha-Har in the South Put End to 2nd Truce

15 October 1948 - 4 November 1948

Institutional Sanctions

Israel Establishes Military Government

21 October 1948

Violence

Operation Hiram in the North

28 October 1948 - 31 October 1948

Violence

A Massacre in al-Dawayima

29 October 1948

1948 November

Cultural Policy/Program

George Hanna publishes Tareeq al-Khalas (Path of Deliverance)

November 1948

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 61: Calling for Withdrawal of Forces and Establishment of Permanent Truce Lines and Demilitarized Zones

4 November 1948

Institutional Socio-Economic

Israel Conducts its First Population Census

8 November 1948 - 1 February 1949

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 62: Calling for Establishment of Armistice in all Sectors of Palestine

16 November 1948

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 212 (III): Establishment of a Special Fund for Palestine refugees

19 November 1948

1948 December

Popular action Institutional

Pro-Jordanian Jericho Conference

1 December 1948 - 28 December 1948

Legal Colonization

Emergency Regulations Regarding Absentee Property

2 December 1948

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 194 (III): Establishment of a Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP)

11 December 1948

Institutional Policy/Program

Israel Strengthens Its Political Control over Jerusalem; Military Government Dissolved

20 December 1948 - 17 February 1949

Violence

Operation Horev Against Egyptian Forces

22 December 1948 - 6 January 1949

1949 January

Popular action Sanctions

Individual Return of Tens of Thousands of Palestinian Refugees; Israel Launches "War on Infiltration"

January 1949 - December 1956

Diplomatic Violence

First Arab-Israeli Armistice Talks Commence Under UN Supervision in Rhodes

12 January 1949

Diplomatic

France Recognizes Israel on a de facto Basis

24 January 1949

Diplomatic

The US Recognizes Israel on a de jure Basis

31 January 1949

1949 February

Legal Institutional

Israel Enacts the Registration of Inhabitants Ordinance

1 February 1949

Legal Institutional

Jordan's Early Measure to "Jordanize" Arab Palestinians

14 February 1949

Diplomatic Violence

Egypt-Israel Armistice Agreement

24 February 1949

1949 March

Cultural Policy/Program

Musa Alami Publishes 'Ibrat Filasteen (The Lesson of Palestine)

March 1949

Violence

Palestinians Are Expelled from al-Faluja Pocket

1 March 1949 - 21 April 1949

Institutional Popular action

Arab Sacrifice Brigade Formed and Dissolved

1 March 1949 - 30 November 1950

Diplomatic Institutional

SC Res. 69: Recommending Admission of Israel to UN Membership

4 March 1949

Legal Institutional

Jordan Undertakes Legislative Steps Aiming at Integrating the West Bank into the Kingdom

16 March 1949 - 19 July 1950

17 March 1949

Diplomatic Violence

Lebanon-Israel Armistice Agreement

23 March 1949

Popular action

Palestinians Testify Before the UNCCP

24 March 1949

1949 April

Diplomatic Violence

Jordan-Israel Armistice Agreement

3 April 1949

Legal Sanctions

Israel Enacts the Emergency Regulations (Security Zones)

24 April 1949 - 27 July 1949

Diplomatic

UNCCP Convenes the Lausanne Conference

27 April 1949 - 12 September 1949

1949 May

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 273 (III): Admitting Israel to Membership in the UN

11 May 1949

1949 June

1949 July

Diplomatic Violence

Syria-Israel Armistice Agreement

20 July 1949

1949 August

Institutional Legal

Gaza's Egyptian Administration

8 August 1949

1949 September

1949 October

Legal Institutional

Israel Decides to Issue Temporary Residency Permits for Palestinians Not Included in the Census

October 1949

1949 November

1949 December

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 302 (IV): Establishment of Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA)

8 December 1949

Diplomatic Policy/Program

UNGA 303 (IV): To Place Jerusalem under a Permanent International Regime

9 December 1949

Legal Institutional

Jordan Amends the Parliamentary Election Law

13 December 1949

1950 January

Cultural Policy/Program

Qadri Tuqan Publishes Ba'd al-Nakba (After the Nakba) in Beirut

January 1950

Institutional

Dissolution of the Jordanian Parliament

1 January 1950

Violence

Cross-Border Attacks from Gaza

1950

Legal Institutional

Jordan Issues National Guard Law

17 January 1950

Legal Institutional

Israel's Measures to Make Jerusalem Its Capital

23 January 1950 - 13 July 1953

1950 February

1950 March

Legal Colonization

Absentee Property Law, 5710-1950

14 March 1950

1950 April

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Special International Regime for Jerusalem

4 April 1950

Legal Institutional

Jordanian Parliamentary Elections; Formal Unification of the Two Banks

11 April 1950 - 24 April 1950

Diplomatic

Britain Recognizes Israel on a de jure Basis

27 April 1950

1950 May

Institutional Popular action

Elections at al-Urwa al-Wuthqa Society

May 1950

Violence

Expulsion from Hebron Area

3 May 1950

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Tripartite Declaration

25 May 1950

1950 June

1950 July

Legal Institutional Policy/Program

Israeli Law of Return

5 July 1950

1950 August

Legal Colonization

Development Authority (Transfer of Property) Law, 5710-1950

9 August 1950

1950 September

1950 October

1950 November

1950 December

Diplomatic

UNGA 393 (V): Economic Reintegration of Refugees in the Middle East

2 December 1950

Diplomatic

UNGA 394 (V): UNCCP to Establish Office on Compensation to Refugees

14 December 1950

1951 January

Institutional Popular action

Led by George Habash, Arab Nationalist Activists on the Way to Structure Their Movement

1 January 1951 - 30 November 1952

Popular action Policy/Program

Palestinian Memorandum to UNCCP, Beirut

27 January 1951

1951 February

1951 March

1951 April

1951 May

1951 June

1951 July

Popular action Policy/Program

Palestinian Memorandum to UNCCP, Ramallah

July 1951

Violence

Assassination of King Abdullah

20 July 1951 - 11 August 1952

1951 August

Policy/Program Institutional

23rd Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

14 August 1951 - 30 August 1951

1951 September

Diplomatic Sanctions

SC Res. 95: Calling on Egypt to End Restrictions on Commercial Shipping through Suez Canal

1 September 1951

1951 October

1951 November

1951 December

1952 January

Legal

Publication of the Constitution of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

8 January 1952

Diplomatic

UNGA 512 (VI): UNCCP to Continue its Efforts

26 January 1952

Diplomatic

UNGA 513 (VI): UNRWA to Carry Refugee Relief and Reintegration for 3 years

26 January 1952

1952 February

1952 March

1952 April

Legal

The Knesset Enacts the Nationality Law

1 April 1952

1952 May

1952 June

1952 July

Popular action Legal

Palestinians in Israel Protest the Nationality law

14 July 1952

Contextual

The Egyptian Revolution of 1952

23 July 1952

1952 August

Legal Sanctions

The Knesset Adopts the Entry into Israel Law

26 August 1952

1952 September

1952 October

1952 November

Institutional Legal

The Zionist Organization/Jewish Agency Status Law

24 November 1952

1952 December

1953 January

Violence

Israeli Operation in Jordan

28 January 1953

1953 February

1953 March

Legal Colonization

Land Acquisition (Validation of Acts and Compensation) Law

10 March 1953

1953 April

1953 May

Biographical

King Hussein’s Formal Accession to the Throne

2 May 1953

1953 June

1953 July

Institutional

Israel's Foreign Ministry Moves to Jerusalem

10 July 1953 - 12 July 1953

1953 August

Legal Socio-Economic

The Knesset Adopts the Law of State Education

12 August 1953

Violence

Israeli Operation in Gaza

28 August 1953

1953 September

Socio-Economic

Israel's Construction of the "National Water Carrier"

2 September 1953

1953 October

Violence

Israeli Operation Against Qibya

14 October 1953

Popular action

Anti-Israeli Demonstrations in Jordan

21 October 1953

1953 November

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 101: Censuring Israel for Its Retaliatory Action in Qibya in Violation of the Israel-Jordan Armistice

24 November 1953

1953 December

3 December 1953 - 9 December 1953

1954 January

1954 February

Diplomatic Socio-Economic

Arab League and Jordan River Waters

15 February 1954

Legal

Jordanian Nationality Law

16 February 1954

1954 March

Violence

Israeli Operation Against Jordan

28 March 1954

1954 April

1954 May

1954 June

Diplomatic Socio-Economic

The US and Jordan River Waters

25 June 1954 - 6 July 1954

1954 July

Violence Diplomatic

The Lavon Affair

July 1954

Institutional

Covenant between Zionist Organization and Israel

26 July 1954

1954 August

Legal Sanctions

The Knesset Issues the Prevention of Infiltration Law

16 August 1954

1954 September

Sanctions Socio-Economic

Egypt Detains Israeli Freighter

28 September 1954

1954 October

1954 November

Diplomatic

Exchange of Notes between Lebanon and UNRWA

26 November 1954

1954 December

Violence

Israel Carries out an Intelligence Operation in Syria and the First Airline Hijacking in the History of the Conflict

8 December 1954 - 14 December 1954

Legal Policy/Program

Lebanon Exempts Palestinian Refugees from Travel Document Fees

29 December 1954

1955 January

1955 February

Diplomatic Institutional

Baghdad Pact

24 February 1955

Violence

After Mounting Egyptian-Israel Tension Around Gaza, a Turning Point for Egypt and Opportunities for Israel

28 February 1955 - 3 April 1955

1955 March

1 March 1955 - 6 March 1955

Diplomatic Violence

Security Council Resolution S/RES/106

29 March 1955

1955 April

1955 May

Legal Institutional

Gaza's Basic Law

11 May 1955

1955 June

1955 July

1955 August

Violence

Renewal of Egyptian-Israeli Clashes

22 August 1955 - 4 September 1955

1955 September

Sanctions

Egypt Restricts Passage Through Strait of Tiran

11 September 1955

Diplomatic

Egyptian-Czech Arms Deal

27 September 1955

1955 October

Diplomatic Legal

Egypt and Syria Sign a Mutual Defense Pact

20 October 1955

Violence

Israeli Raid on Syria Followed by Egyptian-Israeli Confrontation Near al-Auja

23 October 1955 - 3 November 1955

1955 November

Biographical

David Ben-Gurion Replaces Moshe Sharett as Prime Minister

3 November 1955

1955 December

Violence

Israeli Attack on Syria (Operation Olive Leaves)

10 December 1955 - 11 December 1955

1956 January

Diplomatic Violence

Security Council Resolution S/RES/111

19 January 1956

1956 February

1956 March

1956 April

Violence

Clashes Across Gaza Borders

2 April 1956 - 14 April 1956

Institutional Colonization

24th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

24 April 1956 - 7 May 1956

1956 May

Sanctions

Egypt Blocks Greek Freighter

25 May 1956

1956 June

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Israel and France Plan War

22 June 1956 - 29 July 1956

1956 July

Sanctions Diplomatic

US Withdraws Aswan Funding

19 July 1956

Violence Popular action

Israeli-Jordanian Clashes

25 July 1956 - 21 August 1956

Sanctions Socio-Economic

Nationalization of the Suez Canal

26 July 1956

1956 August

Diplomatic

London Conference on Suez

16 August 1956 - 23 August 1956

Violence Popular action

Egyptian-Israeli Armed Incidents

17 August 1956 - 11 September 1956

Diplomatic

Ben-Gurion Addresses the Issue of Suez

26 August 1956

1956 September

Violence Popular action

Escalation Across Jordanian-Israeli Lines

10 September 1956 - 26 September 1956

1956 October

Popular action Violence

Situation on Jordanian-Israeli Lines Continues to Deteriorate; Israeli Raid on Qalqilya

4 October 1956 - 11 October 1956

Diplomatic

Britain, France, and Israel Sign the Protocol of Sèvres

22 October 1956 - 24 October 1956

Violence

Israel Invades Egypt

29 October 1956

Violence Sanctions

Kafr Qasim Massacre

29 October 1956

Violence

Britain and France Join the War

31 October 1956

1956 November

Violence

Israel Occupies Gaza

1 November 1956 - 7 March 1957

Diplomatic Violence

GA Resolutions 997 (ES-I) and 998 (ES-I): UNGA Emergency Session

2 November 1956 - 5 November 1956

Violence

British and French Troops Invade Canal Zone

5 November 1956

Diplomatic Sanctions

Soviet Union Threatens Intervention

5 November 1956

Diplomatic Violence

GA Resolution 1002 (ES-I)

7 November 1956

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Israel Addresses the Future of Sinai

7 November 1956 - 8 November 1956

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Israel Addresses the Future of Gaza

10 November 1956 - 3 February 1957

Diplomatic

The United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) Deploys in Sinai

12 November 1956 - 12 March 1957

1956 December

Institutional

UNRWA Director Issues Special Report on Situation in Gaza Strip

15 December 1956

1957 January

Popular action Sanctions

Palestinians in Israel Stage a General Strike to Protest the Kafr Qasim Massacre

6 January 1957

Diplomatic

GA Resolutions 1123, 1124, 1125 (XI)

19 January 1957 - 3 February 1957

1957 February

Diplomatic

Israel Refuses Full Withdrawal

3 February 1957

Diplomatic Sanctions

Pressures and Assurances to Israel on Gulf of Aqaba and Gaza

20 February 1957 - 1 March 1957

1957 March

Diplomatic

Israel Withdraws from Gaza and Sinai

7 March 1957 - 12 March 1957

1957 April

1957 May

1957 June

1957 July

1957 August

1957 September

Institutional

Fatah Is Founded

September 1957

1957 October

1957 November

1957 December

1958 January

1958 February

Contextual

Egypt and Syria Unite and Form the United Arab Republic

1 February 1958 - 28 September 1961

Legal Institutional

The Knesset adopts the Basic Law: The Knesset

12 February 1958

Legal Institutional

Basic Law for the Gaza Strip

25 February 1958 - 15 March 1958

1958 March

1958 April

1958 May

Contextual

Civil War in Lebanon

May 1958 - October 1958

1958 June

1958 July

Contextual

Anti-Monarchic Coup in Iraq

14 July 1958

1958 August

1958 September

1958 October

1958 November

1958 December

1959 January

1959 February

1959 March

Policy/Program Institutional

The Arab League and Palestinian Entity

4 March 1959

Institutional Legal

Lebanon Establishes the Department of Palestinian Refugee Affairs at the Ministry of Interior

31 March 1959

1959 April

1959 May

Diplomatic Colonization

Arab States Protest Jewish Immigration

11 May 1959

1959 June

1959 July

1959 August

1959 September

1959 October

Institutional

Fatah's Organizational Structure Set in a Kuwait Meeting

10 October 1959

1959 November

1959 December

Policy/Program Institutional

Iraq and a "Palestinian Republic"

15 December 1959

Legal Institutional

Status of Jordanian Jerusalem Municipality Enhanced Symbolically

16 December 1959

1960 January

Cultural

Mahmoud Darwish Publishes First Book of Poetry, 'Asafeer bila Ajniha (Wingless Birds)

1960

Violence

Israel's Strike Against Syria

31 January 1960 - 15 February 1960

1960 February

1960 March

Institutional

Iraqi Government Announces Formation of a “Palestinian Liberation Regiment”

26 March 1960

1960 April

Institutional Legal

Lebanon Establishes a Higher Commission for Palestine Affairs

26 April 1960

1960 May

1960 June

Policy/Program Institutional

Fatah and the Palestinian Entity

June 1960

1960 July

Legal Colonization

Basic Law: Israel Lands

19 July 1960

Legal Colonization

Israel Land Administration Law, 5720-1960

25 July 1960

1960 August

1960 September

1960 October

1960 November

1960 December

Institutional Policy/Program

25th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

27 December 1960 - 11 January 1961

1961

Diplomatic

GA Resolution 1604 (XV)

21 April 1961

Diplomatic Institutional

The Arab League and Implementation of Palestinian Entity

29 May 1961 - 26 June 1961

Diplomatic Institutional

Opening of a Palestine Arab Delegation Office in New York

17 July 1961

Diplomatic

Appointment of Special Representative of the UNCCP

24 August 1961

Popular action

Palestinians in Israel Demonstrate

21 September 1961

1962 January

Cultural

Ghassan Kanafani Publishes First Novel, Rijal fi-l-shams (Men in the Sun), in Beirut

1962

1962 February

1962 March

Legal Institutional

The Constitutional Statute for the Gaza Strip

5 March 1962

Violence

Israeli Raid Against Syria

16 March 1962 - 17 March 1962

1962 April

Diplomatic Violence

Security Council Resolution S/RES/171

9 April 1962

1962 May

1962 June

1962 July

Legal

Conditions for the Movement of Lebanon's Palestinian refugees between Lebanon and Syria

28 July 1962 - 2 August 1962

1962 August

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Proposals Announced by Joseph Johnson, Special Representative of the UNCCP

31 August 1962

1962 September

1962 October

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Israeli and Arab Responses to Joseph Johnson's Proposals

5 October 1962 - 17 October 1962

1962 November

1962 December

1963 January

1963 February

1963 March

Cultural

Akhbar Filastin Newspaper Is Published in Gaza

March 1963

1963 April

1963 May

1963 June

Biographical

Death of Ahmad Hilmi Abd al-Baqi; Ahmad al-Shuqairi as Palestine Delegate to the Arab League

29 June 1963 - 19 September 1963

1963 July

6 July 1963

1963 August

Violence

Syrian-Israeli Clashes

19 August 1963 - 20 August 1963

1963 September

Diplomatic Violence

Draft Security Council Resolution S/5407

3 September 1963

Diplomatic Institutional

Fatah Opens Its First Office in Algeria

23 September 1963

Institutional Legal Socio-Economic

New Lebanese Social Security Law Implicitly Excludes Palestinian Refugees from its Benefits

26 September 1963

1963 October

Diplomatic

Palestinian Delegation at the UN

18 October 1963 - 5 November 1963

1963 November

1963 December

1964 January

Diplomatic Policy/Program

1st Arab Summit Is Held in Cairo

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

1964 February

1964 March

Diplomatic

Yasir Arafat and Khalil al-Wazir Confer with Premier Chou-En-Lai in China

17 March 1964

1964 April

1964 May

Socio-Economic

Israel Starts Diverting the Jordan River

May 1964 - August 1964

Policy/Program Institutional

1st Palestine National Council Is Held in Jerusalem

28 May 1964 - 2 June 1964

1964 June

1964 July

1964 August

1964 September

Diplomatic Institutional

2nd Arab Summit Meets in Alexandria

5 September 1964 - 11 September 1964

Institutional Legal Socio-Economic

A Lebanese Decree, Implicitly Applicable to Palestinian Refugees, Regulates Work of Foreigners

18 September 1964

1964 October

Diplomatic

Opening an Office of the Palestine Liberation Organization in Lebanon

23 October 1964 - 13 November 1964

1964 November

1964 December

Institutional Diplomatic

26th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

30 December 1964 - 10 January 1965

1965 January

Institutional Violence

Fatah Issues Its First Military Communiqué

1 January 1965

1965 February

Diplomatic Policy/Program

President Bourguiba and 1947 Partition Plan

27 February 1965 - 11 March 1965

1965 March

Legal Institutional

The PLO Executive Committee Adopts its Bylaws

11 March 1965

1965 April

1965 May

Violence

Israel Carries out an Operation in Jordan in Response to Fatah Raids

27 May 1965

Institutional Diplomatic

2nd Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

31 May 1965 - 4 June 1965

1965 June

1965 July

Institutional Popular action

The General Union of Palestinian Women Is Formed in Jerusalem

15 July 1965

1965 August

1965 September

Legal Socio-Economic

The Council of the Arab League Adopts the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in the Arab States

11 September 1965

Diplomatic Institutional

3rd Arab Summit Meets in Casablanca

13 September 1965 - 18 September 1965

1965 October

Institutional Violence

Military Training for Palestinians

11 October 1965

1965 November

1965 December

1966 January

1966 February

1966 March

1966 April

1966 May

Policy/Program

3rd Palestine National Council Is Held in Gaza

20 May 1966 - 24 May 1966

1966 June

1966 July

Violence

Israeli Air Force Carries out a Raid in Syria in Response to Fatah Operations

14 July 1966

1966 August

Diplomatic Legal Socio-Economic

Reservations of Lebanon, Kuwait and Libya to the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States

3 August 1966

Diplomatic Legal

Naturalization in Lebanon and the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States

3 August 1966

1966 September

1966 October

1966 November

Diplomatic Violence

Syria Signs a Mutual Defense Agreement with Egypt

4 November 1966

Diplomatic Violence

Draft Security Council Resolution S/7575/Rev.1

4 November 1966

Violence

Israeli-Jordanian Battle at al-Samu' after a Fatah Operation

11 November 1966 - 13 November 1966

Popular action

Demonstrations in Jordan

20 November 1966 - 25 November 1966

Diplomatic Violence

Security Council Resolution S/RES/228

25 November 1966

1966 December

1967 January

Violence

Israeli-Syrian Violence Escalates; Fatah's Military Operations Increase

1 January 1967 - 30 April 1967

1967 February

1967 March

1967 April

Violence

Israeli-Syrian Aerial Battle

7 April 1967 - 21 April 1967

1967 May

Diplomatic

Reports on Israeli Plans Against Syria

12 May 1967 - 14 May 1967

Diplomatic Sanctions

Egypt Reacts to Israeli Threats Against Syria

15 May 1967 - 22 May 1967

Diplomatic Violence

Jordan Signs a Joint Defense Pact with Egypt

30 May 1967

1967 June

Diplomatic Violence

Israel Prepares for War with US Consent

2 June 1967 - 4 June 1967

Violence

June War

5 June 1967 - 10 June 1967

Violence

June War, 1st Day

5 June 1967

Violence

June War, 2nd Day

6 June 1967

Violence

June War, 3rd Day

7 June 1967

Violence

June War, 4th Day

8 June 1967

Violence

June War, 5th Day

9 June 1967

Violence

June War, 6th Day

10 June 1967

Violence

Second Palestinian Exodus

10 June 1967 - 31 December 1967

Violence Institutional

Israel Razes Maghribi Quarter in Jerusalem Old City and Expels its Inhabitants

11 June 1967

Diplomatic Violence

Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly

13 June 1967 - 21 July 1967

Diplomatic Violence

Security Council Resolution S/RES/237

14 June 1967

Legal Institutional

The Knesset Amends the Law and Administration Ordinance to Open the Way for the Annexation of East Jerusalem

27 June 1967 - 28 June 1967

Legal Institutional

The Knesset Amends the Municipal Corporations Ordinance to Extend Area of West Jerusalem Municipality

27 June 1967 - 29 June 1967

1967 July

Diplomatic Institutional

General Assembly Resolution 2252 (ES-V)

4 July 1967

Diplomatic

General Assembly Resolutions 2253 and 2254 (ES-V)

4 July 1967 - 14 July 1967

Legal Colonization

Military Order No. 58, Concerning Abandoned Property (Private Property)

23 July 1967

24 July 1967

Legal Colonization

Military Order No. 59, Concerning State Property

31 July 1967

1967 August

Diplomatic

Small Fraction of 1967 War Refugees to Return to the West Bank

14 August 1967 - 19 October 1967

Violence

Fatah Guerrilla Resistance in the West Bank

28 August 1967

Diplomatic Policy/Program

4th Arab Summit Convenes in Khartoum

29 August 1967 - 1 September 1967

1967 September

1967 October

1967 November

Diplomatic

Security Council Resolution S/RES/242

22 November 1967

1967 December

Institutional

Palestinians Reorganize

11 December 1967 - 19 January 1968

1968 January

Institutional Violence

Guerrilla Resistance in Gaza Strip

1968 - 1970

1968 February

Violence

Israeli Military Confrontation with Jordan and Palestinian Guerrillas

14 February 1968 - 15 February 1968

1968 March

Violence

Battle of al-Karama

21 March 1968

1968 April

Colonization

Settlement Attempt in Hebron

12 April 1968 - 16 June 1968

Biographical

Yasir Arafat Assumes Prominence within Fatah

14 April 1968

Colonization

Israel Land Requisition in Old City of Jerusalem

18 April 1968

1968 May

Diplomatic Colonization

SC Res. 252: Considering all Israeli Measures to Change Jerusalem's Legal Status as Invalid

21 May 1968

1968 June

Violence

Israeli-Jordanian Clashes

4 June 1968

Institutional Policy/Program

27th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

9 June 1968 - 19 June 1968

1968 July

Institutional Policy/Program

4th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Violence

Civil Aviation in the Conflict

23 July 1968 - 29 August 1969

1968 August

1968 September

1968 October

Policy/Program

Fatah Defines its Political Objective

19 October 1968

1968 November

Cultural

First Issue of al-Quds, a Daily Newspaper in Occupied Jerusalem, Is Published

19 November 1968

Violence

Explosion in Mahane Yehuda in West Jerusalem

22 November 1968 - 28 November 1968

1968 December

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 2443 (XXIII): Establishing Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting Human Rights in Occupied Territories

19 December 1968

Diplomatic

UNGA 2452 (XXIII): Calling upon Israel for Return of Inhabitants to Territories Occupied in 1967

19 December 1968

Legal Colonization

Military Order No. 291 on Land Settlement

19 December 1968

1969 January

Legal Socio-Economic

Lebanon Issues the Law on the Acquisition of Immovable Property Rights by non-Lebanese

4 January 1969

26 January 1969

Policy/Program

Fatah Reaffirms its Political Objective

28 January 1969

1969 February

Institutional Policy/Program

5th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

1 February 1969 - 4 February 1969

Violence

Students Demonstrate in Gaza

2 February 1969

Institutional

PDFLP Splits off from PFLP

22 February 1969

1969 March

Violence

Palestinians Are Arrested by Israeli Authorities

5 March 1969

Violence

Egypt's War of Attrition

8 March 1969 - 7 August 1970

Biographical

Golda Meir Becomes Prime Minister of Israel

17 March 1969

Colonization Legal

Military Order No. 321 Concerning Land Law (Acquisition for Public Purposes)

28 March 1969

1969 April

Legal Colonization

Israel Strengthens its Control over East Jerusalem

27 April 1969 - 26 June 1969

1969 May

Violence

Israel Retaliates Against South Lebanon

12 May 1969 - 13 May 1969

1969 June

Sanctions Popular action

Deportation from West Bank

9 June 1969 - 6 October 1969

1969 July

Diplomatic Sanctions

SC Res. 267: Calling once more upon Israel to Rescind all Measures which May Change the Status of Jerusalem

3 July 1969

Legal Colonization

Land Law, 5729-1969

17 July 1969

1969 August

Violence

Al-Aqsa Mosque Is Set on Fire

21 August 1969

1969 September

Institutional Popular action

6th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

1 September 1969 - 9 September 1969

1969 October

1969 November

Diplomatic Policy/Program

PLO-Lebanon Cairo Accord

3 November 1969

1969 December

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Rogers Plan

9 December 1969

Diplomatic

UNGA 2535 (XXIV): Reiterating Past Resolutions on UNRWA; Affirming Inalienable Rights of People of Palestine

10 December 1969

Diplomatic Policy/Program

5th Arab Summit Meets in Rabat and Ends in Failure

21 December 1969 - 23 December 1969

Legal Colonization

Military Order No. 363, Concerning the Protection of Nature Reserves

22 December 1969

1970 January

1970 February

Violence

Jordanian-Palestinian Clashes

11 February 1970

Policy/Program

Israel and Refugee Camps in Gaza and West Bank

18 February 1970

1970 March

1970 April

1970 May

Violence

Palestinian-Israeli Clashes in South Lebanon and Jordan Valley

22 May 1970 - 29 May 1970

Institutional Policy/Program

7th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

30 May 1970 - 4 June 1970

1970 June

Violence

Palestinian-Jordanian Clashes

6 June 1970 - 10 June 1970

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Rogers Plan II

19 June 1970 - 7 August 1970

1970 July

1970 August

Violence

Sharon's Pacification of Gaza

August 1970 - December 1971

Institutional Policy/Program

1st Extraordinary Session of the Palestine National Council Is Held in Amman

27 August 1970 - 28 August 1970

1970 September

Violence

PFLP Hijack Operations

6 September 1970 - 12 September 1970

Violence

Black September in Jordan

15 September 1970 - 25 September 1970

Diplomatic

Emergency Arab Summit Meets in Cairo to Force a Palestinian-Jordanian Agreement

21 September 1970 - 28 September 1970

Biographical

Abdel Nasser Dies of a Sudden Heart Attack; Anwar al-Sadat Succeeds Him

28 September 1970

1970 October

Violence

Jordanian Army Tightens Control

1 October 1970 - 23 July 1971

1970 November

Diplomatic

UNGA 2628 (XXV): Urging Speedy Implementation of SC Res. 242 (1967)

4 November 1970

Diplomatic Legal

UNGA 2649 (XXV): Condemning Denial of Right to Self-Determination to Peoples of South Africa and Palestine

30 November 1970

1970 December

Diplomatic Legal

UNGA 2672 (XXV): People of Palestine Entitled to Equal Rights and Self-determination; Calling upon Israel for Return of Displaced in 1967

8 December 1970

1971 January

1971 February

Diplomatic

President Sadat Suggests Partial Israeli Withdrawal from Suez Canal

4 February 1971

Policy/Program

The US and Palestinian Rights

25 February 1971

Institutional Policy/Program

8th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

28 February 1971 - 5 March 1971

1971 March

1971 April

1971 May

1971 June

1971 July

Institutional Violence

9th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

7 July 1971 - 13 July 1971

1971 August

Violence

Ziyad Husseini, Commander of the Popular Liberation Forces in Gaza, Dies

21 August 1971

1971 September

Biographical

Israel Appoints Rashad al-Shawa as Mayor of Gaza

September 1971

Diplomatic

Jordan Complains to UN Security Council on Jerusalem

13 September 1971

Diplomatic

SC Res. 298: Deploring Israel’s Failure to Respect Previous Resolutions on its Measures Affecting Status of Jerusalem

25 September 1971

1971 October

1971 November

Institutional

Municipal Elections in West Bank Are Announced

26 November 1971

Violence

Wasfi al-Tal, Jordan's Prime Minister, Is Assassinated by Black September Members in Cairo

28 November 1971

1971 December

Diplomatic

UNGA 2792 (XXVI): Deploring Israel's Operations in the Gaza Strip

6 December 1971

1972 January

Institutional Policy/Program

28th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

18 January 1972 - 28 January 1972

1972 February

Violence

Israeli Military Operation in South Lebanon

25 February 1972 - 28 February 1972

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 313: Demanding that Israel Refrain Immediately from Military Action against Lebanon

28 February 1972

1972 March

Policy/Program Violence

The PFLP Announces It Has Abandoned the Tactic of Hijacking Planes

14 March 1972

Policy/Program

King Hussein Proposes a "United Arab Kingdom"

15 March 1972

Institutional

Municipal Elections Are Held in the West Bank

28 March 1972 - 2 May 1972

1972 April

Institutional Policy/Program

10th (Extraordinary) Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

6 April 1972 - 12 April 1972

1972 May

Violence

Black September Hijack Operation

8 May 1972

Violence

Japanese Red Army at Lod Airport

30 May 1972

1972 June

Violence

Israeli Military Operation in South Lebanon

21 June 1972 - 24 June 1972

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 316: Condemning the Repeated Attacks of Israeli Forces on Lebanon

26 June 1972

1972 July

Violence Biographical

Assassination of Ghassan Kanafani in Beirut

8 July 1972

Violence Biographical

Attempted Assassination of Anis Sayigh in Beirut

19 July 1972

Violence Biographical

Attempted Assassination of Bassam Abu Sharif in Beirut

25 July 1972

1972 August

1972 September

Institutional

Gaza Red Crescent Society Is Established

September 1972

Violence

Black September in Munich Olympic Games

5 September 1972 - 6 September 1972

Violence

Violent Israeli Retaliation in South Lebanon

16 September 1972 - 17 September 1972

1972 October

Violence Biographical

Wa'el Zuaiter Is Assassinated in Rome

16 October 1972

Violence

Black September Hijack Operation

29 October 1972 - 30 October 1972

1972 November

1972 December

Violence Biographical

Mahmoud al-Hamshari Is Assassinated in Paris

8 December 1972 - 10 January 1973

Institutional

Israeli Travel Documents for Palestinians in West Bank

10 December 1972

1973 January

Institutional

11th Palestine National Council Meets in Cairo

6 January 1973 - 12 January 1973

Violence Biographical

Hussein Bashir Abu al-Khayr Is Assassinated in Nicosia

24 January 1973

1973 February

Violence

Libyan Civilian Aircraft Is Shot Down Over the Sinai

21 February 1973

1973 March

Violence

Black September Operation in Khartoum

1 March 1973 - 4 March 1973

Violence

Muhammad al-Aswad Is Killed in Gaza

9 March 1973

1973 April

Violence Biographical

Basil al-Kubaisi Assassinated in Paris

6 April 1973

Violence

Israeli Operation in Beirut Against Palestinian Leaders

10 April 1973

1973 May

Violence

Lebanese-Palestinian Confrontation

2 May 1973 - 23 May 1973

1973 June

Legal

Absentees' Property (Compensation) Law, 5733-1973

27 June 1973

Violence Biographical

Mohammad Boudia Assassinated in Paris

28 June 1973

1973 July

Violence

Ahmed Bouchiki Assassinated in Lillehammer

21 July 1973

1973 August

Institutional

Palestinian National Front Is Established in the West Bank

15 August 1973

1973 September

7 September 1973

1973 October

Violence

October War

6 October 1973 - 27 October 1973

Violence

October War, 1st Day

6 October 1973

Violence

October War, 2nd Day

7 October 1973

Violence

October War, 3rd Day

8 October 1973

Violence

October War, 4th Day

9 October 1973

Violence

October War, 5th Day

10 October 1973

Violence

October War, From the 6th to 10th Day

11 October 1973 - 14 October 1973

Violence

American Airlift

14 October 1973 - 14 November 1973

Violence

Israeli Army Crosses the Suez Canal Westwards

15 October 1973 - 22 October 1973

Sanctions Socio-Economic

Arab Oil, a Weapon in the Battle

17 October 1973 - 21 October 1973

Diplomatic

American-Soviet Agreement on a Cease-fire

21 October 1973

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 338: Calling for Cease-fire and Deciding to Start Immediately Negotiations for Just Durable and Peace

22 October 1973

Violence Diplomatic

Israeli Advance Continues and an International Nuclear Crisis Looms

23 October 1973 - 27 October 1973

1973 November

Diplomatic

Kilometer 101 Talks

11 November 1973

Diplomatic Policy/Program

6th Arab Summit Is Held in Algiers

26 November 1973 - 28 November 1973

1973 December

Sanctions

Israel Deports Eight Leaders of the Palestine National Front

10 December 1973

Diplomatic

Opening of an Arab-Israeli Peace Conference in Geneva

21 December 1973

1974 January

Diplomatic

Sinai I Agreement

18 January 1974 - 3 March 1974

1974 February

1974 March

Sanctions Socio-Economic

Arab Oil Embargo Is Lifted

8 March 1974

Violence

Attrition in the Golan

12 March 1974 - 15 April 1974

1974 April

Violence

Palestinian Operations in Northern Israel

11 April 1974

1974 May

Diplomatic

Israel and Syria Sign a Disengagement Agreement

31 May 1974

1974 June

Policy/Program

12th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

1 June 1974 - 8 June 1974

1974 July

1974 August

1974 September

Diplomatic

Egypt and Syria Support PLO Representativeness

21 September 1974

Diplomatic

Palestine Question Is Placed on the Agenda of the UN General Assembly

21 September 1974

1974 October

Institutional

Palestinian Rejection Front

10 October 1974

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 3210 (XXIX): Inviting the PLO to Participate in GA Deliberations on Question of Palestine

14 October 1974

Diplomatic Policy/Program

7th Arab Summit Meeting in Rabat

28 October 1974

1974 November

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Arafat Addresses the UN General Assembly

13 November 1974

Diplomatic Legal

UNGA 3236 (XXIX): Recognizing Palestinian Inalienable Rights and Palestinian People as Principal Party for Establishing Peace

22 November 1974

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 3237 (XXIX): Granting the PLO an Observer Status at the General Assembly

22 November 1974

1974 December

1975 January

1975 February

1975 March

Violence

Palestinian Operations from South Lebanon

5 March 1975 - 20 November 1975

Diplomatic

Negotiations for Sinai II Fail

7 March 1975 - 22 March 1975

1975 April

Violence

Start of Civil War in Lebanon

13 April 1975

1975 May

1975 June

1975 July

1975 August

Diplomatic

Sinai II Agreement Reached

20 August 1975 - 4 September 1975

1975 September

Diplomatic

US-Israel Memorandum of Agreement

1 September 1975

1975 October

Diplomatic Institutional

PLO Official Office in Paris

31 October 1975

1975 November

Popular action

Civil Disobedience in West Bank

November 1975 - March 1976

Diplomatic Institutional

PLO Observer at the Food and Agriculture Organization

8 November 1975

Diplomatic

UNGA 3375 (XXX): Calling for Inviting PLO to any UN Efforts on the Middle East on Equal Footing with Other Parties

10 November 1975

Diplomatic Institutional

UNGA 3376 (XXX): Establishing a Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People

10 November 1975

Diplomatic

UNGA 3379 (XXX): Determining that Zionism is a Form of Racism and Racial Discrimination

10 November 1975

Diplomatic Institutional

SC Res. 381: Renewing UNDOF Mandate and Deciding to Hold a Future Debate on ME Problem

30 November 1975

Diplomatic Institutional

Statement S/11889 by SC President on Inviting the PLO to the Debate on ME Problem

30 November 1975

1975 December

Violence

Premeditated Israeli Air Attack Against Palestinians in Lebanon

2 December 1975

Diplomatic Institutional

The PLO at the Security Council

4 December 1975

Diplomatic Violence

Draft SC Res S/11898 to Condemn Israeli Attacks against Lebanon, Vetoed by US

8 December 1975

1976 January

1 January 1976 - 6 March 1976

Diplomatic Institutional

The PLO at the Security Council

12 January 1976

Diplomatic

Draft SC Res. S/11940 to Affirm Palestinian Rights, Vetoed by US

26 January 1976

1976 February

1976 March

Diplomatic Colonization

Draft SC Res. S/12022 to Deplore Israeli Policies that Could Change Jerusalem Status, Vetoed by US

25 March 1976

Popular action Violence

Palestinian "Land Day"

30 March 1976

1976 April

Institutional

Municipal Elections Are Held in the West Bank

12 April 1976

1976 May

Violence

Syrian Forces Enter Lebanon

31 May 1976

1976 June

Diplomatic

Evacuation of US Nationals from Beirut with PLO Assistance

16 June 1976 - 20 June 1976

Violence

Plane Hijacked to Entebbe

27 June 1976 - 4 July 1976

Diplomatic

Draft SC Res. S/12119 to Affirm Palestinian Rights, as Requested by GA, Vetoed by US

29 June 1976

1976 July

1976 August

Violence

Fall of Tal al-Za'atar

12 August 1976

1976 September

Diplomatic Institutional

PLO Becomes a Full Member of the Arab League

6 September 1976

1976 October

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Six-Party Arab Summit in Riyadh on Palestinian-Syrian Ceasefire in Lebanon

16 October 1976 - 18 October 1976

Diplomatic Policy/Program

8th Arab Summit Meets in Cairo

25 October 1976 - 26 October 1976

1976 November

1976 December

1977 January

1977 February

1977 March

Policy/Program

13th Palestine National Council Meets in Cairo

12 March 1977 - 22 March 1977

Policy/Program

President Carter for a Palestinian Homeland

16 March 1977 - 26 May 1977

1977 April

1977 May

Diplomatic

US State Department Releases First Human Rights Report

May 1977

Biographical

Likud's Victory in Israeli Elections

17 May 1977

Policy/Program Colonization

Menachem Begin: "Territories Are Not Occupied"

19 May 1977

1977 June

1977 July

1977 August

8 August 1977

1977 September

Policy/Program

Israel's Conditions for Geneva Conference

25 September 1977

1977 October

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Joint US-Soviet Statement on Geneva Conference

1 October 1977

Diplomatic

US Steps Back from the US-Soviet Statement on the Geneva Conference

5 October 1977

1977 November

Diplomatic

Sadat's Visit to Jerusalem

19 November 1977 - 21 November 1977

Policy/Program Popular action

The PLO Central Council Condemns Sadat's Visit to Jerusalem

30 November 1977

1977 December

Diplomatic

Arab States Take Position Against Sadat's Visit to Jerusalem

5 December 1977

Policy/Program

Israel's Autonomy Plan for the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 December 1977

1978 January

1978 February

Institutional Policy/Program

29th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

20 February 1978 - 1 March 1978

1978 March

Violence

Fatah Commando Operation and Israel's "Litani Operation"

11 March 1978 - 18 March 1978

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 425: Calling upon Israel to Withdraw its Forces from Lebanon, and Establishing UNIFIL

19 March 1978

Violence Biographical

Wadi Haddad Dies in Berlin, East Germany

28 March 1978

1978 April

1978 May

Violence

Israel Establishes a "Security Zone" in South Lebanon

13 May 1978

1978 June

1978 July

1978 August

1978 September

Diplomatic Legal

Camp David Summit; Camp David Accords

5 September 1978 - 17 September 1978

Policy/Program

The PLO Executive Condemns the Camp David Accords

19 September 1978

1978 October

16 October 1978 - 4 November 1978

1978 November

Diplomatic Sanctions

9th Arab Summit Meets in Baghdad and Condemns the Camp David Accords

5 November 1978

1978 December

1979 January

Policy/Program

14th Palestine National Council Is Held in Damascus

15 January 1979 - 22 January 1979

Violence Biographical

Ali Hassan Salameh Is Killed in Beirut

22 January 1979

1979 February

Contextual

Islamic Revolution in Iran

11 February 1979

1979 March

Diplomatic Colonization

SC Res. 446: Establishing a Commission to Examine the Situation Relating to Settlements in the Occupied Territories

22 March 1979

Diplomatic Legal

Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty Is Signed in Washington, DC

26 March 1979

Sanctions

Arab Sanctions Against Egypt

27 March 1979 - 31 March 1979

1979 April

Violence

A PLF Operation in Nahariya

22 April 1979

1979 May

Diplomatic Policy/Program

1st Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Beersheba

25 May 1979

1979 June

Diplomatic

2nd Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

11 June 1979 - 12 June 1979

Diplomatic

3rd Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

25 June 1979 - 26 June 1979

1979 July

Diplomatic

4th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

5 July 1979 - 6 July 1979

1979 August

Diplomatic Policy/Program

5th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Haifa

5 August 1979 - 6 August 1979

1979 September

Legal Colonization

Israelis Are Permitted to Buy Land in Occupied Territories

16 September 1979

Diplomatic Policy/Program

6th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

26 September 1979 - 27 September 1979

1979 October

Diplomatic

Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Are Held in London

25 October 1979 - 26 October 1979

1979 November

11 November 1979 - 5 December 1979

Diplomatic Sanctions

10th Arab Summit Meets in Tunis

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

1979 December

Diplomatic Policy/Program

7th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

18 December 1979 - 19 December 1979

1980 January

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Palestinian Autonomy Is Discussed at the Sadat-Begin Summit in Aswan

7 January 1980 - 10 January 1980

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Israeli Model for Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

17 January 1980

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

28 January 1980

Diplomatic

8th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

31 January 1980 - 1 February 1980

1980 February

Colonization

Israeli Settlement in the Old City of Hebron

10 February 1980 - 23 March 1980

Diplomatic

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Scheveningen

27 February 1980 - 29 February 1980

1980 March

Diplomatic Colonization

SC Res. 465: Calling on Israel to Dismantle Settlements and Cease Constructing, Planning New Ones

1 March 1980

Diplomatic Policy/Program

President Carter's Disavowal of US Vote for SC Res. 465

3 March 1980

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

27 March 1980

1980 April

1980 May

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

1 May 1980 - 7 May 1980

Violence

Palestinian Operation Against Settlers in Hebron

2 May 1980 - 3 May 1980

Diplomatic

Egypt Decides to Suspend Talks with Israel on Palestinian Autonomy

10 May 1980

1980 June

Violence

Assassination Attempts Against West Bank Mayors

2 June 1980

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Venice Declaration

13 June 1980

1980 July

Diplomatic

Committee Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

14 July 1980 - 15 July 1980

Legal

Israel's Basic Law on Jerusalem

30 July 1980

1980 August

Diplomatic

Egypt's Response to Israel's Basic Law on Jerusalem

2 August 1980

Diplomatic Sanctions

SC Res. 478: Censuring Israeli Enactment of "Basic Law" on Jerusalem

20 August 1980

Diplomatic Sanctions

Foreign Embassies Leave Jerusalem

20 August 1980 - September 1980

1980 September

Contextual

Start of the Iraq-Iran War

22 September 1980

1980 October

1980 November

Popular action Sanctions

Birzeit University Is Closed

14 November 1980

Diplomatic Policy/Program

11th Arab Summit Meets in Amman

25 November 1980 - 27 November 1980

1980 December

1981 January

1981 February

Legal Sanctions

The Knesset Issues Amendment 16 to the Planning and Building Law, 1965

12 February 1981

1981 March

1981 April

Institutional

15th Palestine National Council Is Held in Damascus

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Violence

Israeli-Syrian Mounting Tension in Lebanon

28 April 1981 - 5 May 1981

1981 May

1981 June

Contextual Violence

Israeli Air Force Destroys Iraqi Nuclear Reactor Under Construction Near Bagdad

7 June 1981

1981 July

Violence

Severe Israeli-Palestinian Clashes in Lebanon

10 July 1981 - 20 July 1981

Diplomatic

Philip Habib's Mediation for Cease-fire in South Lebanon

24 July 1981

1981 August

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Fahd Plan Is Announced

7 August 1981

18 August 1981

1981 September

Diplomatic

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

23 September 1981 - 24 September 1981

1981 October

Violence

Sadat Is Assassinated; Husni Mubarak Becomes President of Egypt

6 October 1981

Violence Biographical

Majid Abu Sharar Is Assassinated in Rome

9 October 1981

1981 November

Institutional Popular action

Civil Administration Is Established by the Military in the Occupied Territories

8 November 1981 - 1 December 1981

Diplomatic

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

11 November 1981 - 12 November 1981

Diplomatic Policy/Program

12th Arab Summit Meets in Fez and Adjourns

25 November 1981

1981 December

Legal

Israeli Knesset Votes to Apply Israeli Law in the Golan Heights

14 December 1981

Diplomatic Legal

SC Res. 497: Considers Null and Void Israel’s Decision to Impose its Laws in the Occupied Golan

17 December 1981

1982 January

Diplomatic Legal

Draft SC Res. S/14832/Rev.1 to Consider Israeli Golan Measures an Act of Agression, Vetoed by US

20 January 1982

Policy/Program

Israel's Proposal for the Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

31 January 1982

1982 February

Diplomatic

UNGA Res. ES/9-1: Adopts Content of Vetoed Draft SC Res. on Israeli Golan Measures

5 February 1982

12 February 1982 - 11 May 1982

Popular action Violence

16 February 1982 - 30 March 1982

1982 March

1982 April

Diplomatic

Draft SC Res. S/14943 to Denounce Dismissal of Palestinian Mayors, Vetoed by US

2 April 1982

Violence

Shooting Spree at the Haram al-Sharif

11 April 1982 - 15 April 1982

Diplomatic

Draft SC Res. S/14985 to Condemn Shooting of Worshippers at Haram al-Sharif, Vetoed by US

20 April 1982

Violence

South Lebanon Cease-fire Is Broken

21 April 1982 - 9 May 1982

Diplomatic

Last Stage of Israeli Withdrawal from the Sinai

25 April 1982

1982 May

Popular action Sanctions

Palestinian Mayors Stand with Those Dismissed by Israel

2 May 1982

Diplomatic

Sharon Goes to Washington to Get Green Light on Lebanon War

25 May 1982

1982 June

Violence

Assassination Attempt of Israeli Ambassador in London

3 June 1982

Violence

Israeli Aerial Bombardment and Palestinian Artillery Across the Lebanon-Israel Border

4 June 1982 - 5 June 1982

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 508: Calling Upon all Parties to Cease Military Activities in Lebanon and across Lebanese-Israeli Border

5 June 1982

Violence

Israeli Invasion of Lebanon

6 June 1982 - 29 September 1982

Diplomatic Violence

SC Res. 509: Demanding Full and Unconditional Withdrawal of Israeli Forces from Lebanon

6 June 1982

Violence

Israeli Invasion Along the Western Axis

6 June 1982 - 14 June 1982

Violence

Israel Invades Along the Eastern Axis

6 June 1982 - 12 June 1982

Violence

Israel Invades Along the Central Axis

6 June 1982 - 11 June 1982

Diplomatic Violence

Draft SC Res. S/15185 to Demand again Full and Unconditional Israeli Withdrawal, Vetoed by US

8 June 1982

Violence Diplomatic

The “Creeping” Cease-fire

10 June 1982 - 26 June 1982

Violence

Encirclement of Beirut

11 June 1982 - 20 June 1982

Violence

Battle of the Mountain

14 June 1982 - 26 June 1982

Diplomatic Violence

Israel and the US Demand PLO Withdrawal from Beirut and Lebanon

15 June 1982 - 27 June 1982

Diplomatic Violence

PLO Debates Withdrawal

16 June 1982 - 2 July 1982

Diplomatic Violence

Draft SC Res. S/15255/Rev.2 on a (French) Plan for Military Disengagement in Beirut, Vetoed by US

26 June 1982

Violence

Israel Lays Siege to Beirut

27 June 1982 - 2 September 1982

Violence

Israeli Military Pressure on West Beirut

27 June 1982 - 11 July 1982

1982 July

Diplomatic Violence

The PLO 11-Point Document

8 July 1982

Violence

Israeli Army Attempts to Conquer Beirut

21 July 1982 - 12 August 1982

Diplomatic Violence

PLO Accepts Habib’s Plan

29 July 1982 - 31 July 1982

1982 August

Diplomatic

Agreement on Withdrawal Reached and Implemented

20 August 1982 - 2 September 1982

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Reagan's "Talking Points" to Begin on Palestinian Issue

31 August 1982

1982 September

Violence

Lebanon War Casualties

1 September 1982 - 11 October 1982

Policy/Program Diplomatic

Reagan's Plan on the Palestinian Issue

1 September 1982

Diplomatic Policy/Program

Israel Rejects the Reagan Plan

2 September 1982

Policy/Program Diplomatic

The 12th Arab Summit Meeting in Fez Adopts the "Fez Initiative"

6 September 1982 - 9 September 1982

Violence

Assassination of Bashir Gemayel and Israeli Occupation of Beirut

14 September 1982 - 16 September 1982

Violence

Sabra and Shatila Massacres

16 September 1982 - 18 September 1982

Violence Diplomatic

Israel Withdraws from Beirut and the Multinational Force Returns

23 September 1982 - 29 September 1982

1982 October

Diplomatic Policy/Program

PLO and Jordan Agree on Idea of Palestinian-Jordanian Confederation

9 October 1982 - 10 November 1982

1982 November

1982 December

Institutional Policy/Program

30th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

World Zionist Organization Congresses
Zionist Operations Against the British Mandate Authorities
Military Operations and Zionist Ethnic Cleansing
The UN and Palestine: General Assembly
The UN and Palestine: Security Council Resolutions
1956 War
Palestine Liberation Organization: National Council Sessions
June 1967 War
October 1973 War
Egyptian-Israeli Negotiation Rounds on Palestinian Autonomy
Lebanon War, 1982
Palestinian-Israeli Interim Negotiation Rounds
Regulating Palestinian Land
British and International Commissions of Inquiry in Mandate Palestine
The UN and Palestine: Security Council Vetoed Draft Resolutions
Palestinian National Congresses
Israeli Assassination Campaign Beyond Palestine Borders
Lebanon War, 2006
Elections Under the Palestinian Authority
The Annapolis Negotiation Rounds
The War on Gaza
Hamas-Fatah Reconciliation Attempts
Israel's 2012 Assault on Gaza
The 2014 Gaza War
Kerry-Sponsored Palestinian-Israeli Negotiations
Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005
Palestinian-Israeli Final Status Negotiation Rounds
Israeli Laws Targeting Palestinians
Israel's Policy Towards Jerusalem
Palestinian Representation in the Knesset
Mitchell-Mediated Negotiations and the Settlement Threat
Criminal Law in Palestine Under the Mandate
Arab Summits and Palestine
Lebanon’s Policies on Palestine and Palestinians

Ottoman Territorial Reorganization, 1840-1917
World Zionist Organization
Balfour Declaration
Great Arab Revolt, 1936-1939
UN Partition Plan, 1947
The Nakba
1956 War
Palestine Liberation Organization (I)
June 1967 War
Resolution 242 (1967)
Battle of al-Karama
October 1973 War
Camp David Accords, 1978-79
Lebanon War, 1982
Sabra and Shatila, 1982
Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 1988
Madrid and the Oslo Accord
Demography and the Palestine Question (I)
Demography and the Palestine Question (II)
Meanings of the Nakba
Palestinians in Jordan, 1948-1967
Palestinian Youth in Conflict
Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967
Jerusalem
Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon
Palestinian Refugees in Syria
Palestine Liberation Organization (II)
Palestinian Refugees in the West Bank
UNRWA
Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine
The Palestinian Novel
The Palestinian Short Story
Palestinian Theater
Palestinian Photographers before 1948
Preservation of Heritage in Palestine
Palestinian Music
The Palestinian Poster
Palestinian Citizenship in Israel
Palestinian Visual Arts (I)
Palestinian Visual Arts (II)
Palestinian Visual Arts (III)
Palestinian Visual Arts (IV)
Kafr Qasim, 1956
The October 2000 Events in Israel
Palestinians in Israel’s “Mixed Cities”
Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel
Present Absentees in Israel
The Village of al-Araqib
Israel’s Appropriation of Palestinian Property
The Education of Palestinians in Israel
Palestinian Embroidery
Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005
The Judaization of the Galilee
Land Day, 1976
Arab Labor in Mandate Palestine
Urban Palestine
Nablus Soap Production
Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem
The Peel Commission, 1936–1937
Palestinian Women in the Labor Market
Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948
Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails
The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948
The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip
Israel’s Policy toward Refugees in the Gaza Strip
Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip, 1948-1967
Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967
Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948
The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps
The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)
The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas
The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine
Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine
The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP
The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (II)
The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP
The Palestine Communist Party
The Palestinian Communist Movement
The Palestinians and the Israeli Communist Party
Lydda, 9-13 July 1948
The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine
Palestinian Informal Justice
Palestine Police During the British Mandate

Mahmoud Darwish
Yasir Arafat
Muhammad Amin al-Husseini
George Habash
Ghassan Kanafani
Samira Azzam
Wasif Jawhariyyeh
Najib Nassar
George Antonius
Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi
Fadwa Tuqan
Asma Tubi
Anbara Salam Khalidi
Ibrahim Tuqan
Ismail Shammut
Isa al-Isa
Kamal Boullata
Kulthum Odeh
Musa Kazim Husseini
Ahmad al-Shuqairi
Samiha Khalil
Zulaykha al-Shihabi
Mustafa al-Dabbagh
Anis Abdullah Sayigh
Abd al-Hamid Shuman
Abd al-Karim al-Karmi
Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini
Ahmad Samih al-Khalidi
Awni Abd al-Hadi
Izzeddin al-Qassam
Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi
Shaykh Suleiman al-Taji al-Faruqi
Wadi‘ Faris al-Bustani
Ahmad Ismail Yasin
Bendali Saliba al-Jawzi
Isaaf al-Nashashibi
Jamal al-Husseini
Khalil Baidas
Khalil Abdallah Totah
Leila Khaled
Salma Khadra Jayyusi
Raghib al-Nashashibi
Abd al-Qadir Muzaffar
Fuad Saba
Subhi al-Khadra
Emile Habibi
Hanna Abu Hanna
Hind al-Husseini
Jabra Ibrahim Jabra
Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim
Sadhij Nassar
Khalil al-Sakakini
Samih al-Qasim
Emile Tuma
Fathi Shiqaqi
Ihsan Abbas
Ishaq Musa al-Husseini
Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad)
Mu‘in al-Madi
Muin Bisisu
Najati Sidqi
Sami Taha Hamran
Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani
Tawfiq Canaan
Wadi‘a Qaddura Khartabil
Yusra al-Barbari
Gabi Baramki
Issam Abd al-Hadi
Naji al-Ali
Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti
Abd al-Aziz Rantisi
Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih
Abd al-Majid Shuman
Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud
Abd al-Wahhab Darawshah
Haydar Abd al-Shafi
Hanan Ashrawi
Ibrahim al-Daqqaq
Tawfiq Ibrahim
Tawfiq Zayyad
Edward W. Said
Ihsan al-Nimr
Aref al-Aref
Faisal al-Husseini
Anwar Nuseibeh
Antoine Zahlan
Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari
Nicola Ziadeh

Overall Chronology